The paper considers the issue of language and consciousness interconnection in view of verbal units and structures of a scientific text as providing access to mental activity of its author. Proceeding from the generally accepted assumption that all types of human activity are guided by and depend on their metacognitive capacities, which  in turn activate their cognition, it is suggested that the author of a scientific text should be regarded as demonstrating these capacities in two interconnected planes: primarily, being a subject of scientific activity and, secondly, being a subject of  literary activity while engaged in disseminating the results of the primary one via a written text. The scientific text content is considered in the paper as objectification of the results of cognitive processes and mechanisms guided by metacognition, the “traces” of metacognitive skills can be found in the meaning of certain lexical units and/or inferred by analysing certain syntactic structures in the text. It is argued that a scientific text composition itself  can also be considered as created due to metacognitive capacities and language cognition.