2313-8912Research Result. Theoretical and Applied Linguistics2313-891210.18413/2313-8912-2025-11-1-0-43716APPLIED LINGUISTICS<strong>Osgood parameter values for 1000 words of the Russian language</strong><strong>Osgood parameter values for 1000 words of the Russian language</strong>SolovyevValery D.SolovyevValery D.maki.solovyev@mail.ruVol’skayaYuliya A.Vol’skayaYuliya A.kovaleva95julia@mail.ruToksubaevaAlyona A.ToksubaevaAlyona A.aabakshaeva42@gmail.comKazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, RussiaKazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia202511100

The article describes the methodology of data collection for the formation of affective norms for 1000 frequent words of the Russian language according to the parameters arousal (intensity of emotional reaction when perceiving a word) and dominance (feeling of strength or weakness when perceiving a word). This study supplements the scores collected earlier on the parameter valence (positivity/negativity of the word). The scores on the three scales (hereafter, VAD) are derived from the classical factor analysis parameters described by Ch.&nbsp;Osgood. Since the middle of the 20th century, numerical data on VAD scales for different groups of words have been collected from different languages, and the development of information technology and big data collection methods now allows us to obtain ratings on affective parameters for a wide sample of stimulus words. Databases of VAD ratings have been created for a large set of words from English, Dutch, Spanish, German and a number of other languages. Prior to the present study, these parameters have not been studied for a large list of Russian stimulus words. Such resources are an important source for the realization of research in the field of cognitive sciences, psycholinguistics and computer-aided text mining, for example, in sentiment analysis, which indicates the relevance of creating databases of affective norms. However, until the present study, these parameters have not been studied on the material of a voluminous list of stimulus words of the Russian language. In this paper, firstly, the methodology of collecting arousal and dominance scores for 1000 words of the Russian language is described in detail; secondly, the relationship between the VAD scales is described; thirdly, the role of gender differences in the formation of arousal and dominance parameters is investigated; fourthly, the features of affective parameters of the semantic group of words &ldquo;diseases&rdquo; are analyzed. An important result is the obtained database of Russian words with ratings by VAD parameters, the revealed correlations between the scales and the described features of word evaluation by these parameters. In addition, the article demonstrates the consistency of the data we obtained with ratings created for other languages, which indicates, on the one hand, the reliability of the results obtained, on the other hand, the language-wide tendency of word perception by affective parameters.

The article describes the methodology of data collection for the formation of affective norms for 1000 frequent words of the Russian language according to the parameters arousal (intensity of emotional reaction when perceiving a word) and dominance (feeling of strength or weakness when perceiving a word). This study supplements the scores collected earlier on the parameter valence (positivity/negativity of the word). The scores on the three scales (hereafter, VAD) are derived from the classical factor analysis parameters described by Ch.&nbsp;Osgood. Since the middle of the 20th century, numerical data on VAD scales for different groups of words have been collected from different languages, and the development of information technology and big data collection methods now allows us to obtain ratings on affective parameters for a wide sample of stimulus words. Databases of VAD ratings have been created for a large set of words from English, Dutch, Spanish, German and a number of other languages. Prior to the present study, these parameters have not been studied for a large list of Russian stimulus words. Such resources are an important source for the realization of research in the field of cognitive sciences, psycholinguistics and computer-aided text mining, for example, in sentiment analysis, which indicates the relevance of creating databases of affective norms. However, until the present study, these parameters have not been studied on the material of a voluminous list of stimulus words of the Russian language. In this paper, firstly, the methodology of collecting arousal and dominance scores for 1000 words of the Russian language is described in detail; secondly, the relationship between the VAD scales is described; thirdly, the role of gender differences in the formation of arousal and dominance parameters is investigated; fourthly, the features of affective parameters of the semantic group of words &ldquo;diseases&rdquo; are analyzed. An important result is the obtained database of Russian words with ratings by VAD parameters, the revealed correlations between the scales and the described features of word evaluation by these parameters. In addition, the article demonstrates the consistency of the data we obtained with ratings created for other languages, which indicates, on the one hand, the reliability of the results obtained, on the other hand, the language-wide tendency of word perception by affective parameters.

Affective normsCh. Osgood’s parametersArousalDominanceValenceRatingsAffective normsCh. Osgood’s parametersArousalDominanceValenceRatings

The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 24-18-00570, https://rscf.ru/project/24-18-00570/)

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