The present article is devoted to the investigation of conditions of polylingual and multicultural identity formation, the most important of which is the degree of formation of foreign language professional communicative competence as one of the key educational competences. The competence under analysis contributes to the development of future University graduates’ abilities to: 1) interact with native speakers of a foreign language, representatives of another cultures in the logics of contemporary scientific paradigm, taking into account their professional features, national values and behavior norms; 2) create positive motivation for specific purposes professional communication; 3) use successful means of verbal and nonverbal communication adequate to specific purposes professional communicative situations.